Peripheral artery disease (PAD) mirrors the patterns of coronary artery disease, both stemming from atherosclerosis—the accumulation of fatty plaque in arteries. Specifically, PAD involves the narrowing of peripheral arteries that transport blood from the heart to different body parts. Lower-extremity PAD, impacting blood flow to the legs and feet, is prevalent, while upper-extremity PAD affects approximately 10% of the population. PAD shares a common culprit with coronary artery disease: atherosclerosis. This build-up of plaque in arteries occurs throughout the body, affecting the heart, brain, arms, legs, pelvis, kidneys, and other organs.
PAD poses significant risks, including a heightened likelihood of coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. Left untreated, it can progress to severe complications like gangrene and amputation. Recognizing additional risk factors such as age, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, stress, high-fat diets, and obesity is essential. Among these, diabetes and smoking stand out as the strongest risk factors for PAD.
Recognize the Warning Signs
Common indicators include cramping, fatigue, and discomfort during physical activity, symptoms that often go unnoticed or are attributed to other causes. Delving into these symptoms is crucial, considering that many individuals with PAD may remain asymptomatic. Vigilance is essential for those at risk, considering PAD’s association with severe complications, including coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke.
Conclusion
Taking control of your cardiovascular health involves adhering to healthcare professionals’ recommendations and adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle. Lifestyle changes and medication can manage certain cases of PAD effectively. Understanding the connection between atherosclerosis and PAD is crucial. Plaque buildup within artery walls limits blood flow, potentially leading to complications like blood clots and artery blockages. Early diagnosis and proactive measures significantly contribute to managing PAD and ensuring optimal cardiovascular health.
If you suspect PAD or fall into a high-risk category, engaging with your healthcare team is paramount for timely diagnosis and intervention. Take charge of your cardiovascular health, understanding that knowledge and early action are potent tools in the face of PAD.